Effect of protein concentration, pH, lactose content and pasteurization on thermal gelation of acid caprine whey protein concentrates

The influence of pH (4.5-6.5), sodium chloride content (125-375 mM), calcium chloride content (10-30 mM), protein concentration (70-90 g/l) and lactose content on the gel hardness of goat whey protein concentrate (GWPC) in relation to the origin of the acid whey (raw or pasteurized milk) was studied using a factorial design. Gels were obtained after heat treatment (90 degrees C, 30 min). Gel hardness was measured using texture analyser. Only protein concentration and pH were found to have a statistically significant effect on the gel hardness. An increase in the protein concentration resulted in an increase in the gel hardness. GWPC containing 800g/kg protein formed gels with a hardness maximum at the pHi, whereas GWPC containing 300 g/kg protein did not form true gels. Whey from pasteurized milk formed softer gels than whey from raw milk. A high lactose content (approximately 360 g/kg) also reduced the gelation performance of GWPC.     

Extraction and Analysis of the Essential Oil of the Needles and Twigs of White Spruce Picea Glauca (Moench) Voss

Abstract

The constituents of the essential oil extracted from the needles and twigs of white spruce - Picea glauca (Moench) Voss -by steam distillation are analyzed by GC-MS and GC with authentic samples. The analysis allows for the Identification of 39 constituents.     

Influence of Laser Welding on the Alumina Growth on a Thin FeCrAl-RE Foil at High Temperature

We study isothermal oxidation of laser welded FeCrAl-RE samples containing specific fractions of seams in a bead-on-plate configuration at approximately 900°C using thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), field emission scanning electron microscope (FEG-SEM), transmission electron microscope (TEM), electron probe microanalysis (EPMA) techniques. An important reduction in the alumina-growth rate over the fusion zone compared to the base material occurs at 900°C, thereby, suppressing the discontinuous increase in mass gain commonly observed for alumina-forming alloys when the temperature decreases from 1000°C to 900°C. This phenomenon is mainly related to the concomitant dramatic chromium carbide precipitation at the fusion zone/oxide film interface and possible earlier injection of the rare earth elements into the oxide layer. On one hand, chromium carbide precipitation, which is linked to the laser melting-induced high free carbon, contributes to improve the effectiveness of the diffusion barrier provided by the thermally growing scale. On the other hand, due to their initial high enrichment at the fusion zone surfaces, rare earth elements can penetrate in the oxide layer and promote the elimination of detrimental phase transformation of metastable platelets (γ,θ-Al₂O₃) to α-Al₂O₃ during the initial stages of oxidation.     

Le pouvoir conjugal et l'évitement des conflits chez les hommes.

Three hypotheses have been advanced to explain sex differences in withdraw behavior during conflictual marital interactions: the greater physiological reactivity of men during conflict situations, the differential socialization of men and women, and the differential power assigned to men and women. The main objective of this study was to examine the hypothesis that marital power is a good predictor of husbands' withdrawal. 132 couples completed a series of questionnaires, including the Marital Adjustment Test, a communication questionnaire, and 2 measures of marital power. Results show that marital adjustment predicted 44% of husbands' withdrawal, while marital power did not account for a significant proportion of the variance. These results are discussed in the light of the suggested hypotheses accounting for the differences in husbands and wives behavior during marital conflict. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Grain Size Effects on the Mechanical Behavior of Open‐cell Nickel Foams

The dependence of the mechanical behavior of nickel foams upon their grain size was studied. First, the grain coarsening phenomenon which occurs during the processing of foams was analyzed. A metallurgical characterization of the grain growth during heat treatment was performed. The grain size effects on the mechanical properties was then studied, namely, via the Hall‐Petch law. The foam walls being very thin, roughly 10 μm in thickness, grain growth and mechanical behavior might be different compared with conventional materials. The present results obtained with foams were compared with literature data on bulk pure nickel and with nickel foils of 10 and 50 μm in thickness which are good candidates for the modeling of the cell walls. The EBSD technique allowed observing the absence of preferred crystallographic orientations for both foams and foils. A mechanical model in the spirit of that by Gibson and Ashby was finally presented incorporating the grain size effect on yield strength and hardening modulus. This model provided a good estimation of the experimental data.     

Computational aspects of the workload distribution in the MMPP/GI/1queue

We show how the analysis of Markov modulated rate processes can be used to address the problem of computing the distribution of W, the stationary workload in the MMPP/GI/1 queue. Using the results of papers by Anick et al. (1982); Mitra (1988); and Elwalid et al. (1991), we present the decomposition properties of the Laplace transform of W and efficient computational algorithms for computing its distribution. The techniques are also applied to compute the bounds on the distribution of W developed by Liu et al. (see JACM, vol.44, no.2, p.366-94, 1997). Numerical results illustrating the usefulness of the methods are given for the case of the superposition of independent, nonidentical sources     

Intraperitoneal chemo-hyperthermia with mitomycin C in cancer of the stomach with peritoneal carcinosis

We report 42 cases of gastric cancer with peritoneal carcinosis treated with intraperitoneal chemohyperthermia. Intraperitoneal chemohyperthermia was achieved with a closed sterile circuit containing mitomycin C, 10 mg/l producing an input temperature varying from 46 to 49 degrees C for 90 minutes. There were three postoperative deaths: one pulmonary embolism at day 4, one multiple organ failure et day 4, and one septic shock at day 25 due to a colonic fistula. Two patients suffered complications: one opening of the duodenal stump requiring reoperation on day 5, and one prolonged postoperative ileus lasting to day 10. Of the 12 patients with ascites, resorption was achieved in 8. In patients with early-stage peritoneal carcinosis (granulations less than 5 mm) survival at 1, 2 and 3 years was 90%, 61% and 41% respectively. For those with more extensive carcinosis, survival at 1 year was 10%. Five patients survived more than 30 months, three have survived to 34, 43 and 73 months. Intraperitoneal chemohyperthermia is a new treatment for carcinosis of gastric origin. These early results must be assessed further with larger controlled.     

Combining Points and Tangents into Parabolic Polygons

Image and geometry processing applications estimate the local geometry of objects using information localized at points. They usually consider information about the tangents as a side product of the points coordinates. This work proposes parabolic polygons as a model for discrete curves, which intrinsically combines points and tangents. This model is naturally affine invariant, which makes it particularly adapted to computer vision applications. As a direct application of this affine invariance, this paper introduces an affine curvature estimator that has a great potential to improve computer vision tasks such as matching and registering. As a proof-of-concept, this work also proposes an affine invariant curve reconstruction from point and tangent data.